腾讯云服务器安装MySQL5.7
腾讯云服务器安装MySQL5.7
腾讯云轻量应用服务器安装MySQL5.7。
云服务商:腾讯云
产品:轻量应用云服务器
系统:CentOS 7.6
1.前期准备
1.下载MySQL5.7安装包到本地环境
- 下载地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
- 点击Looking for previous GA versions?选择想要的版本。
- 选择好版本后进行下载。
2.上传MySQL5.7安装包到云服务器
使用su命令切换到root用户,以获得足够的操作权限(会提示输入登录密码)
在/usr/local路径下新建mysql目录:
mkdir /usr/local/mysql
使用WinSCP将下载的MySQL5.7安装包上传到刚才新建的mysql目录
查看是否上传成功:
cd /usr/local/mysql #跳转到mysql目录
ls #查看mysql目录里是否有上传的mysql安装包
2.安装步骤
1.查看linux下是否有老版本的mysql(有删除)
查找是否有旧的mysql:
rpm -qa | grep mysql
卸载(有旧的mysql情况下):
卸载命令:rpm –ev {包名}
rpm -ev mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64查找老版本mysql相关的安装目录命令:
find / -name mysql
删除目录(若查找到相关目录):
rm –rf {目录名}
2.查看 linux 下是否安装 mariadb 数据库(有的话需要删除,因为有冲突)
检查是否安装了 mariadb:
rpm -qa | grep mariadb
删除mariadb(如果安装了的情况下):
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
3.解压安装
跳转到存放安装包的目录
cd /usr/local/mysql
解压安装包
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz #替换为自己的安装包名称
移动并修改名字,将解压目录里的所有文件剪切到mysql目录:
mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql
删除解压的目录(此时目录所有文件被剪切到mysql目录,解压的目录为空)
rm -rf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
创建主目录(data:存储目录)
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
主目录权限处理(查看是否有就得用户,有删除并新建用户)
查看组和用户情况:
cat /etc/group | grep mysql
查看组和用户情况:
cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
若存在,则删除原mysql用户:
userdel -r mysql #会删除其对应的组和用户并在次查看。
创建mysql组:
groupadd mysql
创建mysql用户:
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
修改目录拥有者:
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql创建配置文件,并配置
创建my.cnf文件,并打开
vim /etc/my.cnf点击 i 键进入编辑模式,将文件模板复制粘贴在my.cnf中,文件模板:
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It‘s a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES修改配置文件内容,注意要在模板的 [mysqld] 下面去修改(basedir:mysql安装路径,datadir:数据存储目录),修改为:
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It‘s a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
#=========配置相关路径等信息==========
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid
character-set-server = utf8
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES按esc键退出回到命令模式,输入:
:wq
保存并退出。
创建刚才配置相关文件
创建文件/tmp/mysql.sock:设置用户组及用户,授权
cd /tmp
touch mysql.sock
chown mysql:mysql mysql.sock
chmod 755 mysql.sock
创建文件/tmp/mysqld/mysqld.pid
mkdir mysqld
cd mysqld
touch mysqld.pid
cd ..
chown -R mysql:mysql mysqld
cd mysqld
chmod 755 mysqld.pid
创建文件/var/log/mysqld.log:
touch /var/log/mysqld.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log
cd /var/log
chmod 755 mysqld.log安装和初始化数据库
进入初始化目录:
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
初始化数据库:
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
如果报错:(./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)
需要安装命令:
yum -y install numactl
之后在执行初始化数据库:
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data安全启动:
进入到bin目录,
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
安全启动
./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
查看是否成功:
ps -ef | grep mysql
默认密码在mysqld.log日志里, 找到后保存到安全的地方:
cat /var/log/mysqld.log
其中root@localhost: 后面的就是默认密码,后面登录用(D;J.ogLj8ETr)
进入bin目录:
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
登录mysql:
./mysql -u root -p #之后会提示输入刚才看到的默认密码
输入mysql相关命令,会提示你修改用户密码(注意后面mysql命令一定要加“;”)。
show databases;
密码修改为 aaa
set password=password("aaa");
再次输入mysql相关命令
show databases; #此时会成功看到默认的数据库表设置远程登录权限(
在mysql里面设置
)mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'aaa';
#刷新登录权限:
mysql> flush privileges;
#退出quit 或者 exit
mysql> quit;开机服务启动设置(之后开机自动启动)
把support-files/mysql.server 拷贝为/etc/init.d/mysql:
cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
查看是否成功:(名字为mysql)
cd /etc/init.d/
ll
查看mysql服务是否在服务配置中
chkconfig --list mysql
若没有,则把mysql注册为开机启动的服务,然后在进行查看
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig --list mysql
启动 或 停止
service mysql start
service mysql stop
当发现不能停止服务时,可以查看进程id,并通过进程id强制杀死服务进程创建快捷方式,服务启动后,直接运行mysql -u root -p即可登录,不需要进入到对应的目录。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
若使用Navicat 远程连接数据库时会出现(2003)
说明你的防火墙没有关。
如有错误,欢迎评论区留言!
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